VirtualTam's bookmarks

  1. Here are the steps I used to migrate a CentOS 7 VM from (presumably?) an ESXi server, to a local VirtualBox environment.

    The LVM volumes were not detected at boot, and after the boot timeout, the OS fell back to the Dracut emergency shell.

    • get a CentOS minimal installation CD
    • check the VM's resources and peripherals:
      • ensure there are no floppy drives (!)
      • setup CPU and RAM resources
      • check virtual drives
      • add an SCSI optical drive if needed
    • optional: convert the virtual drive images from VMDK to VDI
    • mount the CentOS installation disc
    • boot on the installation disc:
      • select "Troubleshooting", then "Rescue"
      • let the rescue utility detect filesystems and mountpoints
    • $ chroot to the detected environment
    • backup files:
      • /etc/fstab
      • /boot/grub/grub.cfg
    • under /boot, backup the initrd and initramfs for the current configuration (these will be overwritten)
    • compare the current /etc/fstab with the output of $ lsblk and $ blkid
    • if needed, manually edit /etc/fstab to use the appropriate block device UUIDs, identifiers and mountpoints
    • regenerate GRUB configuration:
      • $ grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
    • if needed, reinstall GRUB:
      • $ grub-install /dev/sda
    • rebuild initrd:
      • $ mkinitrd --force /boot/<initrd_image> <kernel_version>
    • rebuild initramfs:
      • $ dracut --force <kernel_version>
    • exit the chroot
    • unmount the installation disc
    • reboot
    • optional but highly recommended: cross your fingers
    • ...
    • profit!
  2. Pro: no need to setup a DNS server to test virtualhosts Con: keep in mind that all "fake" hosts will point to 127.0.0.1!

    1. Use /etc/hosts to declare test hosts / domains / subdomains
    #<ip-address>	<hostname.domain.org>	<hostname>
    127.0.0.1	localhost.localdomain	localhost
    127.0.0.1	host.localdomain	host
    127.0.0.1	sub.host.localdomain	sub.host
    ::1		localhost.localdomain	localhost
    
    1. Allow per-user virtualhost definition in either (depending on your distro)
    • /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    • /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

    Include /home/albert/.httpd/*.conf

    1. Profit! Create virtualhosts with local hostnames :)